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Many disabilities have severe impacts on cardiovascular health
The effects of ageing...
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Hypertension
Hypertension is a chronic condition defined by persistently elevated blood pressure, placing sustained stress on the cardiovascular system. It is highly prevalent in older adults and a major contributor to heart failure, stroke, coronary artery disease, and atrial fibrillation. Long-standing hypertension leads to vascular stiffness and structural heart changes, significantly increasing cardiovascular risk.
Diabetes Mellitus
(Type 2)
Type 2 diabetes impairs glucose metabolism and accelerates vascular damage through chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and autonomic dysfunction. In older adults, it significantly increases the risk of coronary artery disease, stroke, and silent myocardial ischemia. Diabetes is also associated with reduced heart rate variability and higher incidence of arrhythmias.
Obesity and
Metabolic Syndrome
Obesity and metabolic syndrome are characterised by excess abdominal fat, insulin resistance, and abnormal lipid profiles. These conditions are strongly associated with hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In older adults, obesity contributes to structural heart changes, reduced autonomic function, and elevated cardiovascular risk.
Chronic Kidney Disease
Obesity and metabolic syndrome are characterised by excess abdominal fat, insulin resistance, and abnormal lipid profiles. These conditions are strongly associated with hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In older adults, obesity contributes to structural heart changes, reduced autonomic function, and elevated cardiovascular risk.